{"id":17212,"date":"2024-07-10T18:55:33","date_gmt":"2024-07-10T10:55:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/?page_id=17212"},"modified":"2026-06-16T14:29:51","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T06:29:51","slug":"introduction-to-academic-research","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/introduction-to-academic-research\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u5165\u9580"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Get started with your research project<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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What is research?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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Research Terms<\/h3>

A list of common research terms<\/p><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Subject VS. Keywords<\/h3>

Which one are your using? Keywords or subjects<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Primary or Secondary, and Tertiary Sources<\/h3>

How can I identify the sources planning to use?<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

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Research Method<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Citation Style<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Research Terms<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Abstract<\/strong><\/td>An abstract is a short summary of a document.  Abstracts are useful because they allow you to quickly determine if a document fits your topic.<\/td><\/tr>
Citation<\/strong><\/td>The citation provides the bibliographic information for a source. It lets the reader know who is responsible for creating a source you reference in your project, when it was created, and gives the reader all the information needed to retrieve that source for further examination.<\/td><\/tr>
Copyright<\/strong><\/td>This refers to the legal right of the copyright owner to determine how a work may be copied, distributed, displayed, performed, etc. The copyright owner is often the author\/creator of the work.<\/td><\/tr>
Database<\/strong><\/td>An organized collection of stored data which is usually searchable by keywords, subject, topic, language, and\/or date. The library subscribes to a range of databases that relate directly to courses offered at DU.<\/td><\/tr>
DOI<\/strong><\/td>DOI stands for Digital Object Identifier. A DOI is a string of letters and numbers used to identify an electronic document.  While the web address (URL) where a work is located may change, the DOI remains the same.<\/td><\/tr>
Fair Use<\/strong><\/td>Under certain conditions, a section of a work can be reproduced without asking permission from the copyright owner. These conditions include \u201ccriticism or review or for reporting current events or for purposes of research or private study<\/em>\u201d. However, you must always cite the source! <\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Full-Text<\/strong><\/td>This means the whole document is available.<\/td><\/tr>
Journal<\/strong><\/td>A publication, produced periodically on a schedule, that provides research articles in a particular field of study. Journal articles report on primary research and offer insight and evaluation of the results.<\/td><\/tr>
Key Word Search<\/strong><\/td>A key word search looks for a particular word or words within a document.  The advantage of key word searching is that it is quick.  The disadvantage is it often produces results unrelated to your topic, and misses those that use a different term. <\/td><\/tr>
OER<\/strong><\/td>“Open Educational Resources” are freely accessible, openly licensed text, media, and other digital assets that may be useful in your research. These resources may or may not be scholarly sources.<\/td><\/tr>
Peer Reviewed &
Refereed<\/strong><\/td>		These terms are often used interchangeably.  Peer reviewed documents have been examined by a panel of experts.  Examples of journals that publish peer reviewed articles include Harvard Law Review<\/em> and Journal of the American Medical Association<\/em>. Some instructors may require that you use only peer reviewed sources for your papers.<\/td><\/tr>
Subject Search<\/strong><\/td>Libraries and databases categorize items by subject. By searching by subject, you get results that are closely related and it is more efficient than keyword searching.<\/td><\/tr>
URL<\/strong><\/td>URL stands Uniform Resource Locator. This is the address of a document on the internet.<\/td><\/tr>
Volume and Issue Number<\/strong><\/td>Journals and magazines often number their publications using volume and issue numbers. The volume number includes all issues published within a specific time period (usually a year), and the issues are numbered within the volume. For example, the January 10, 2011 issue of Time<\/em> is volume 177, issue 1. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Subject VS. Keywords<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The two most common types of searches are keyword<\/strong> and subject<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keyword:<\/strong> When you do a keyword search, you are searching for a word or words anywhere in a record.  This is similar to searching Google.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Subject:<\/strong> Catalogs and databases organize information according to subject.  Results of a subject search will have a certain amount of topic similarity.  Different databases\/catalogs may use different subjects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keyword<\/strong><\/td>Subject<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Uses natural language – how we speak. Example: “Cap and Trade” or “high stakes testing”<\/td>Uses a “controlled vocabulary”- information is organized in a very formal way. Example: emissions trading or educational evaluation.<\/td><\/tr>
Very flexible. Terms can be combined or alternate terms used. Example: swine flu, swine influenza, H1N1<\/td>Not as flexible. You must know which subject terms the database or catalog uses.<\/td><\/tr>
Often retrieve thousands of results, many of which may have little to do with your intended topic. <\/td>Results are usually more relevant to your topic.<\/td><\/tr>
Can search quickly.<\/td>Searches take more time – you must first find your subject term and then search.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

As a rule of thumb, keyword searches are quicker, but subject searches produce better results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Primary or Secondary, and Tertiary Sources<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Primary sources are original materials or evidence directly related to the topic being studied. They are created by witnesses or first-hand observers of the events. Examples include diaries, photographs, and official documents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Secondary sources analyze, interpret, or summarize primary sources. These include textbooks, articles, and reviews.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tertiary sources compile and summarize primary and secondary sources. Examples include encyclopedias, databases, and bibliographies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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