{"id":464821,"date":"2026-09-17T13:05:34","date_gmt":"2026-09-17T05:05:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/?page_id=464821"},"modified":"2026-09-18T18:24:45","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T10:24:45","slug":"tme-formatting","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/academic-writing\/tme-formatting\/","title":{"rendered":"Thesis Made Easy: Formatting Requirement"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- ==========================================\n     POSTGRADUATE THESIS PORTAL\n     FORMATTING REQUIREMENTS\n     Based on Appendix 1 \u2013 General Guidelines\n     ========================================== -->\n\n<div class=\"usj-formatting-guide\">\n\n\n\n\n<!-- ==========================================\n     INTRODUCTION\n     ========================================== -->\n\n<div class=\"usj-intro\">\n\n    <p>\n        <strong>General Guidelines for Dissertations:<\/strong>\n        According to the regulations and practice of USJ, the Master&#8217;s and PhD&#8217;s Theses and Dissertation must be prepared according to the following standards\n        for format, style, and typeface.\n    <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<!-- ==========================================\n     CONTENTS\n     ========================================== -->\n\n<nav class=\"usj-contents\" aria-label=\"Formatting requirements contents\">\n\n    <h2>On This Page<\/h2>\n\n    <ul>\n        <li><a href=\"#word-count\">Word &amp; Character Count<\/a><\/li>\n        <li><a href=\"#font\">Font &amp; Typeface<\/a><\/li>\n        <li><a href=\"#margins\">Margins<\/a><\/li>\n        <li><a href=\"#page-numbers\">Page Numbers<\/a><\/li>\n        <li><a href=\"#spacing\">\u884c\u8ddd<\/a><\/li>\n        <li><a href=\"#citation\">\u5f15\u7528<\/a><\/li>\n        <li><a href=\"#quick-reference\">Quick Reference<\/a><\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n\n<\/nav>\n\n\n<!-- ==========================================\n     WORD \/ CHARACTER COUNT\n     ========================================== -->\n\n<section class=\"usj-section\" id=\"word-count\">\n\n    <h2>\n        <span class=\"usj-number\">1<\/span>\n        Word &amp; Character Count\n    <\/h2>\n\n    <p>\n        The unit of measurement for the size of Master&#8217;s dissertations\n        is the <strong>word count or character count<\/strong>, depending\n        on the language in which the dissertation is written.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"usj-table-wrapper\">\n\n        <table class=\"usj-table\">\n\n            <thead>\n                <tr>\n                    <th>Language<\/th>\n                    <th>Maximum Word Count (Master)<\/th>\n                    <th>Maximum Word Count(PhD)<\/th>\n                <\/tr>\n            <\/thead>\n\n            <tbody>\n\n                <tr>\n                    <td>English<\/td>\n                    <td>15,000\u201320,000 words<\/td>\n                    <td>100,000 words<\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n\n                <tr>\n                    <td>Portuguese<\/td>\n                    <td>15,000\u201320,000 words<\/td>\n                    <td>100,000 words<\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n\n                <tr>\n                    <td>Chinese<\/td>\n                    <td>22,500\u201330,000 characters<\/td>\n                    <td>150,000 characters<\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n\n            <\/tbody>\n\n        <\/table>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <h3>What is excluded from the count?<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        The word or character count excludes the following:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ol type=\"a\">\n\n        <li>\n            <strong>Pre-chapter opening pages in Roman numerals<\/strong>,\n            including:\n            <ul>\n                <li>Title page<\/li>\n                <li>Endorsement statement by the student<\/li>\n                <li>Table of Contents<\/li>\n                <li>List of Tables<\/li>\n                <li>List of Figures<\/li>\n                <li>Acknowledgements<\/li>\n                <li>\u6458\u8981<\/li>\n                <li>Key Words<\/li>\n                <li>Glossary<\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n\n    <\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n    <h3>What is included in the count?<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        The following are included in the main dissertation count:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>Notes, including footnotes and endnotes<\/li>\n\n        <li>\n            Tables appearing in the main text\n            (tables in appendices are excluded)\n        <\/li>\n\n        <li>\n            Figures appearing in the main text\n            (figures in appendices are excluded)\n        <\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n    <h3>Table and Figure Equivalencies<\/h3>\n\n    <div class=\"usj-table-wrapper\">\n\n        <table class=\"usj-table\">\n\n            <thead>\n                <tr>\n                    <th>Type<\/th>\n                    <th>Basic Components<\/th>\n                    <th>Chinese<\/th>\n                <\/tr>\n            <\/thead>\n\n            <tbody>\n\n               <tr>\n                   <td>Table<\/td>\n                   <td>Number, Title, Headings, Body, Note<\/td>\n                   <td>\n                   <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/tables-figures\/tables#formatting\" class=\"tp-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Table Example in APA Style \u2192\n              <\/a>\n              <\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n\n\n                <tr>\n                   <td>Figure<\/td>\n                   <td>Number, Title, Image, Legend, Note<\/td>\n                   <td>\n                   <a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/tables-figures\/figures\" class=\"tp-link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Figure Example in APA Style \u2192\n              <\/a>\n              <\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n\n            <\/tbody>\n\n        <\/table>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n<!-- ==========================================\n     FONT\n     ========================================== -->\n\n<section class=\"usj-section\" id=\"font\">\n\n    <h2>\n        <span class=\"usj-number\">2<\/span>\n        Font &amp; Typeface\n    <\/h2>\n\n    <p>\n        For consistency, the same <strong>12-point font<\/strong> must be\n        used for the following elements:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>Preliminary pages<\/li>\n        <li>Text \/ main body of the dissertation<\/li>\n        <li>Table and figure captions<\/li>\n        <li>Chapter titles<\/li>\n        <li>Cover sheets<\/li>\n        <li>References<\/li>\n        <li>Page numbers<\/li>\n        <li>Appendix titles<\/li>\n        <li>Bibliography<\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n    <h3>Font Selection<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        The font must be easy to read. Specifically, a\n        <strong>TrueType font<\/strong> should be used.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <p>\n        Examples of acceptable fonts include:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>Times Roman<\/li>\n        <li>Helvetica<\/li>\n        <li>Courier<\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n    <p>\n        Most standard TrueType fonts are acceptable.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <h3>Pitch<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        The pitch may be either proportional or an established measurement\n        of <strong>10 to 12 characters per inch<\/strong>.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <h3>Font Consistency<\/h3>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>\n            Do not vary fonts in the main text of the dissertation.\n        <\/li>\n\n        <li>\n            Use standard numerals such as\n            <strong>1, 2, 3<\/strong> in the text and pagination.\n        <\/li>\n\n        <li>\n            Do not use script, italic, or other typefaces for numerals,\n            except in equations.\n        <\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n    <h3>Permitted Variations<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        Tables, figures, appendices, and equations may be reproduced using\n        different font sizes and styles from the main text where appropriate.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <p>\n        Different fonts may also be used for:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>Poetry<\/li>\n        <li>Dialogue<\/li>\n        <li>Other special circumstances<\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n    <h3>Boldface<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        Boldface may be used for:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>Headings<\/li>\n        <li>Chapter titles<\/li>\n        <li>Subheadings<\/li>\n        <li>Title and signature pages<\/li>\n        <li>Footnotes<\/li>\n        <li>Bibliographic entries<\/li>\n        <li>Tables and figures<\/li>\n        <li>Table and figure legends<\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n    <h3>Italics<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        Italics should be used <strong>sparingly<\/strong> and only for\n        special emphasis, foreign words, technical or key terms,\n        mathematical expressions, or book and journal titles.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <h3>Special Symbols &amp; Characters<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        Special symbols should be drawn neatly and uniformly using a\n        template or lettering device and black ink.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <p>\n        Press-on letters may be used, but copies of these pages must be\n        submitted because this type of lettering is not permanent.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <p>\n        Handwritten characters are acceptable only when no other options\n        are available, such as for accents or foreign characters. These\n        must be written using <strong>permanent black ink<\/strong>.\n    <\/p>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n<!-- ==========================================\n     MARGINS\n     ========================================== -->\n\n<section class=\"usj-section\" id=\"margins\">\n\n    <h2>\n        <span class=\"usj-number\">3<\/span>\n        Margins\n    <\/h2>\n\n    <p>\n        The margins must be consistent throughout the dissertation.\n        This requirement applies to all pages, including preliminary pages,\n        main text, appendices, reference materials, tables, and charts.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"usj-table-wrapper\">\n\n        <table class=\"usj-table\">\n\n            <thead>\n\n                <tr>\n                    <th>\u908a\u8ddd<\/th>\n                    <th>Minimum Requirement<\/th>\n                <\/tr>\n\n            <\/thead>\n\n            <tbody>\n\n                <tr>\n                    <td><strong>Left<\/strong><\/td>\n                    <td>1\u00bd inches<\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n\n                <tr>\n                    <td><strong>Right<\/strong><\/td>\n                    <td>1 inch<\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n\n                <tr>\n                    <td><strong>Top<\/strong><\/td>\n                    <td>1 inch<\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n\n                <tr>\n                    <td><strong>Bottom<\/strong><\/td>\n                    <td>1 inch<\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n\n            <\/tbody>\n\n        <\/table>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"usj-callout\">\n\n        <strong>Typing area:<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n            All typing must fall within the remaining\n            <strong>6 \u00d7 9 inch typing area<\/strong>, except for page numbers.\n        <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <p>\n        The left margin is intentionally larger to accommodate the binding\n        process.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <p>\n        Before saving and producing the final version of the dissertation,\n        students should double-check that the margins are correct and\n        consistent throughout the manuscript.\n    <\/p>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n<!-- ==========================================\n     PAGE NUMBERS\n     ========================================== -->\n\n<section class=\"usj-section\" id=\"page-numbers\">\n\n    <h2>\n        <span class=\"usj-number\">4<\/span>\n        Page Numbers\n    <\/h2>\n\n    <p>\n        Page numbers must be positioned as follows:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>\n            <strong>Position:<\/strong> centred horizontally at the bottom\n            of the page.\n        <\/li>\n\n        <li>\n            <strong>Distance from edge:<\/strong> \u00bd inch from the edge\n            of the paper.\n        <\/li>\n\n        <li>\n            <strong>Numbering:<\/strong> pages must be numbered consecutively.\n        <\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n    <h3>Page Counting<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        Every sheet must be counted for purposes of page numbering.\n        Every page must have a page number printed on it, except the\n        following:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>Title page<\/li>\n        <li>Copyright page<\/li>\n        <li>Signature page<\/li>\n        <li>Dedication page<\/li>\n        <li>Epigraph page<\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n    \n    <div style=\"text-align: center; width: 100%;\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/thesis-made-easy-setting-for-page-number\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" style=\"display: inline-block;            padding: 12px 24px;            background-color: #0066cc;            color: #ffffff;            text-decoration: none;            border-radius: 6px;            font-weight: bold;            font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">\n    Thesis Made Easy: Setting for Page Number\n  <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<!-- ==========================================\n     SPACING\n     ========================================== -->\n\n<section class=\"usj-section\" id=\"spacing\">\n\n    <h2>\n        <span class=\"usj-number\">5<\/span>\n        \u884c\u8ddd\n    <\/h2>\n\n    <h3>Double Spacing<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        The main text of the dissertation must be\n        <strong>double-spaced<\/strong>.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <p>\n        Double spacing also applies to:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>Acknowledgements<\/li>\n        <li>Abstract pages<\/li>\n        <li>Main dissertation text<\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n    <h3>Single Spacing<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        Single spacing is required for:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>Footnotes<\/li>\n        <li>Captions<\/li>\n        <li>Identification text related to tables<\/li>\n        <li>Identification text related to figures<\/li>\n        <li>Identification text related to graphs<\/li>\n        <li>Other illustrative materials<\/li>\n        <li>Bibliographic entries<\/li>\n        <li>Block quotations<\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n    <h3>Footnote &amp; Reference Separation<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        A <strong>double space<\/strong> must be used to separate footnote\n        and reference citations.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <h3>Lists, Captions &amp; Appendices<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        Single spacing is permitted within, but not between:\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>Items in lists<\/li>\n        <li>Multiline captions<\/li>\n        <li>Appendices<\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n    <p>\n        If single spacing is used in these areas, it must be applied\n        consistently throughout the manuscript.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <h3>Spacing Around Headings &amp; Paragraphs<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        The general rule is to choose a consistent spacing format and\n        apply it throughout the entire dissertation.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n\n        <li>\n            Do not leave large spaces or unnecessary gaps in the text.\n        <\/li>\n\n        <li>\n            Spacing above and below headings must be consistent.\n        <\/li>\n\n        <li>\n            If additional spacing is used before paragraphs, the same\n            spacing must be applied consistently throughout the manuscript.\n        <\/li>\n\n    <\/ul>\n\n\n    <h3>Poetry &amp; Scripts<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\n        Irregular or single spacing may be used for poetry and scripts,\n        at the option of the department and the student.\n    <\/p>\n\n\n    <div class=\"usj-warning\">\n\n        <strong>Formatting check:<\/strong>\n\n        <p>\n            If there are large gaps in the text or inconsistent spacing,\n            the manuscript may be returned to the student for reformatting.\n        <\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<!-- ==========================================\n     Citation\n     ========================================== -->\n\n        <section class=\"usj-section\" id=\"citation\">\n\n        <div class=\"usj-container\">\n\n            <div class=\"usj-section-heading\">\n\n                <h2>\n                    \u5f15\u7528\n                <\/h2>\n\n                <p>\n                    USJ Library currently identifies APA as standard university citation style, with Turabian style particularly relevant to FRSP students. Always check your course, assignment, professor, or supervisor requirements before submitting your work.\n                <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n    <div style=\"text-align: center; width: 100%;\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/citation-style\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" style=\"display: inline-block;            padding: 12px 24px;            background-color: #0066cc;            color: #ffffff;            text-decoration: none;            border-radius: 6px;            font-weight: bold;            font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\">\n    Thesis Made Easy: Check the Style Guide\n  <\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n<!-- ==========================================\n     QUICK REFERENCE\n     ========================================== -->\n\n\n<section class=\"usj-quick-reference\" id=\"quick-reference\">\n\n    <h2>Quick Formatting Reference<\/h2>\n\n    <table>\n\n        <tbody>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Font size<\/th>\n                <td>12 point<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Font<\/th>\n                <td>Readable TrueType font<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Main text<\/th>\n                <td>Double-spaced<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Footnotes<\/th>\n                <td>Single-spaced<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Block quotations<\/th>\n                <td>Single-spaced<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Bibliographic entries<\/th>\n                <td>Single-spaced<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Left margin<\/th>\n                <td>1\u00bd inches<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Right margin<\/th>\n                <td>1 inch<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Top margin<\/th>\n                <td>1 inch<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Bottom margin<\/th>\n                <td>1 inch<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Typing area<\/th>\n                <td>6 \u00d7 9 inches, excluding page numbers<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Page numbers<\/th>\n                <td>Centred at the bottom, \u00bd inch from edge<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>Pagination<\/th>\n                <td>Consecutive numbering<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n            <tr>\n                <th>\u5f15\u7528<\/th>\n                <td>APA or Turabian (FRSP only)<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n\n\n        <\/tbody>\n\n    <\/table>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<br>\n<!-- ==========================================\n     STUDENT REMINDER\n     ========================================== -->\n\n<div class=\"usj-intro\">\n\n    <p>\n        <strong>Before submitting your dissertation:<\/strong>\n        Check the word or character count, font and typeface, margins,\n        page numbering, and spacing throughout the entire manuscript.\n        Ensure that your formatting is consistent from the preliminary\n        pages through the main text, references, and appendices.\n    <\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<style class=\"advgb-styles-renderer\">\n\/* ==========================================\n   USJ THESIS FORMATTING GUIDE\n   ========================================== *\/\n\n.usj-formatting-guide {\n    --usj-navy: #0b2345;\n    --usj-blue: #1976c9;\n    --usj-blue-dark: #145fa3;\n    --usj-light-blue: #eef6fd;\n    --usj-border: #dfe5ec;\n    --usj-text: #222222;\n    --usj-muted: #5f6873;\n    --usj-warning-bg: #fff8e5;\n    --usj-warning-border: #e5c45c;\n    --usj-white: #ffffff;\n\n    max-width: 1200px;\n    margin: 0 auto;\n    padding: 20px 24px 60px;\n    color: var(--usj-text);\n    font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\n    font-size: 16px;\n    line-height: 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On This Page Word &amp; Character Count Font &amp; Typeface Margins Page Numbers Spacing Citation Quick Reference 1 Word &amp; Character Count The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":1558,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-464821","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"coauthors":[],"author_meta":{"author_link":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/author\/emilychan\/","display_name":"emily chan"},"relative_dates":{"created":"Posted 3 \u9031 ago","modified":"Updated 3 \u9031 ago"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Posted on 17 9 \u6708, 2026","modified":"Updated on 18 9 \u6708, 2026"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Posted on 17 9 \u6708, 2026 1:05 \u4e0b\u5348","modified":"Updated on 18 9 \u6708, 2026 6:24 \u4e0b\u5348"},"featured_img_caption":"","featured_img":false,"series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/464821","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=464821"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/464821\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":465502,"href":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/464821\/revisions\/465502"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=464821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}