{"id":425440,"date":"2026-08-21T00:39:05","date_gmt":"2026-08-20T16:39:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/?post_type=tnc_col_19631_item&#038;p=425440"},"modified":"2026-08-24T12:15:41","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T04:15:41","slug":"%e8%87%aa%e9%96%89%e7%97%87%e5%85%92%e7%ab%a5%e8%87%aa%e5%82%b7%e8%a1%8c%e7%82%ba%e7%9a%84%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e8%a1%8c%e7%82%ba%e8%a9%95%e4%bc%b0%e8%88%87%e8%a1%8c%e7%82%ba%e5%b9%b2%e9%a0%90","status":"publish","type":"tnc_col_19631_item","link":"https:\/\/library.usj.edu.mo\/zh\/student-thesis-dissertation\/%e8%87%aa%e9%96%89%e7%97%87%e5%85%92%e7%ab%a5%e8%87%aa%e5%82%b7%e8%a1%8c%e7%82%ba%e7%9a%84%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e8%a1%8c%e7%82%ba%e8%a9%95%e4%bc%b0%e8%88%87%e8%a1%8c%e7%82%ba%e5%b9%b2%e9%a0%90\/","title":{"rendered":"\u81ea\u9589\u75c7\u5152\u7ae5\u81ea\u50b7\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u884c\u70ba\u8a55\u4f30\u8207\u884c\u70ba\u5e72\u9810"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>THIS STUDY AIMS TO EXPLORE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MIND MAPPING INSTRUCTION ON PRIMARY 4 STUDENTS\u2019 CHINESE READING ABILITY. USING A PRE-AND POST-TEST QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN WITH A CONTROL GROUP, TWO CLASSES OF FOURTH-GRADE STUDENTS FROM A GIRLS&#8217; SCHOOL IN MACAO PARTICIPATED IN THE STUDY, WITH ONE CLASS AS THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP (N = 25) RECEIVING MIND MAPPING READING INSTRUCTION, AND THE OTHER AS THE CONTROL GROUP (N = 16) RECEIVING GENERAL READING INSTRUCTION. BOTH GROUPS RECEIVED INSTRUCTION FOR ABOUT FOUR WEEKS, WITH APPROXIMATELY THREE SESSIONS PER WEEK FOR A TOTAL OF 11 SESSIONS OF 40 MINUTES EACH (I.E., 440 MINUTES IN TOTAL). THE FIRST FIVE SESSIONS FOCUSED ON NARRATIVE TEXTS, AND THE NEXT FIVE SESSIONS FOCUSED ON EXPOSITORY TEXTS, WITH THE LAST SESSION AS A SUMMARY SESSION. BOTH GROUPS TOOK THE PRE-TESTS USING THE NARRATIVE TEXT FROM PIRLS (2021) AND THE EXPOSITORY TEXT FROM THE A3 VERSION OF THE READING COMPREHENSION GROWTH TEST, AND THE POST-TESTS USING THE NARRATIVE TEXT FROM PIRLS (2016) AND THE EXPOSITORY TEXT FROM THE A2 VERSION OF THE READING COMPREHENSION GROWTH TEST. THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP ALSO COMPLETED THE FORM REGARDING THEIR POST-INSTRUCTION FEEDBACK FOR MIND MAPPING INSTRUCTION. MANN-WHITNEY TESTS FOUND THAT GENERAL READING INSTRUCTION DID NOT SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVE GRADE 4 STUDENTS\u2019 CHINESE READING ABILITY, WHEREAS MIND MAPPING INSTRUCTION SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED GRADE 4 STUDENTS\u2019 CHINESE READING ABILITY, WITH MODERATE EFFECT SIZES (RANK-BISERIAL CORRELATION OF 0.70 [NARRATIVE TEXT] AND 0.57 [EXPOSITORY TEXT]). MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS SHOWED THAT THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP SCORED 0.11-UNIT HIGHER ON THE POST-TEST SCORES OF NARRATIVE TEXT READING THAN THE CONTROL GROUP AFTER CONTROLLING THEIR PRE-TEST SCORES ON NARRATIVE TEXT READING; THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP SCORED 0.13-UNIT HIGHER ON THE POST-TEST SCORES OF EXPOSITORY TEXT READING THAN THE CONTROL GROUP AFTER CONTROLLING THEIR PRE-TEST SCORES ON EXPOSITORY TEXT READING. IN ADDITION, 19 (76%) STUDENTS IN THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP GAVE POSITIVE FEEDBACK FOR THE MIND MAPPING READING INSTRUCTION. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CHINESE TEACHERS, SCHOOLS\u2019 INITIATIVES AT ADVANCING READING INSTRUCTION, AND THE GOVERNMENT\u2019S ENDEAVOR AT TEACHER TRAINING RELATED TO MIND MAPPING INSTRUCTION. LIMITATIONS OF THE CURRENT STUDY AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS WERE ALSO DISCUSSED.\u00a0 \u672c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u65e8\u5728\u63a2\u7a76\u5fc3\u667a\u5716\u6559\u5b78\u5c0d\u63d0\u5347\u5c0f\u5b78\u56db\u5e74\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u4e2d\u6587\u95b1\u8b80\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6210\u6548\u3002\u63a1\u7528\u6709\u5c0d\u7167\u7d44\u7684\u524d\u5f8c\u6e2c\u6e96\u5be6\u9a57\u7814\u7a76\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u9078\u53d6\u6fb3\u9580\u67d0\u5973\u6821\u56db\u5e74\u7d1a\u5169\u500b\u73ed\u7d1a\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u4f5c\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u73ed\u7d1a\u4f5c\u70ba\u5be6\u9a57\u7d44\uff08N = 25\uff09\u63a5\u53d7\u5fc3\u667a\u5716\u95b1\u8b80\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u73ed\u7d1a\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u7167\u7d44\uff08N = 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