THE UNDERSTANDING AND THE ATTITUDES TOWARD LIFE EDUCATION AMONG MACAU CITIZENS: A CASE STUDY

ABSTRACT

PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IS AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE AND HAS A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON THE CONVENIENCE AND WELL-BEING OF CITIZENS. IN MACAU, WITH RAPID ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND URBANIZATION, AN EFFICIENT LAND TRANSPORT SYSTEM IS ESSENTIAL TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. PREVIOUS RESEARCH HAS PRIMARILY FOCUSED ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR IN MACAU, WITH LITTLE ATTENTION GIVEN TO STUDIES CONCERNING EMPLOYEES. THEREFORE, THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY IS TO EXAMINE THE IMPACT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEE WORK PERFORMANCE IN THE LAND TRANSPORTATION SECTOR IN MACAU, WITH A PARTICULAR FOCUS ON THE MEDIATING ROLE OF EMPLOYEE WORK ENGAGEMENT. THROUGH A QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, THIS STUDY UTILIZED AN ONLINE QUESTIONNAIRE TO COLLECT DATA FROM 194 EMPLOYEES FROM THE BUS AND LRT SECTORS IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE THE RESEARCH OBJECTIVES. CONVENIENCE SAMPLING AND SNOWBALL SAMPLING METHODS WERE USED IN THIS STUDY TO ANALYZE THE DATA THROUGH SPSS SOFTWARE TO ASSESS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, EMPLOYEE WORK ENGAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE.  THE FINDINGS REVEAL THAT THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE, AS WELL AS A SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE WORK ENGAGEMENT. IN ADDITION, EMPLOYEE WORK ENGAGEMENT PLAYED A PARTIAL MEDIATING ROLE BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE. THE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP NOT ONLY DIRECTLY ENHANCES EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE, BUT ALSO INDIRECTLY ENHANCES EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE BY INCREASING EMPLOYEE WORK ENGAGEMENT. THESE INSIGHTS HAVE IMPORTANT PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS, INDICATING THAT ADOPTING TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS CAN EFFECTIVELY ENHANCE EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE, THEREBY IMPROVING ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS. SPECIFICALLY, MANAGERS IN MACAU'S TRANSPORTATION SECTOR SHOULD PAY ATTENTION TO AND CULTIVATE TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS IN ORDER TO ENHANCE EMPLOYEE WORK ENGAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE, AND THUS ACHIEVE HIGHER ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS AND BUILDING A STRONG TEAM