適應體育體適能課程對特殊教育學生 動作技能之影響－以澳門某校特教班為例

ABSTRACT

THE ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATION NO. 29/2020 ON THE SPECIAL EDUCATION SYSTEM HAS BEEN OFFICIALLY IMPLEMENTED SINCE SEPTEMBER 2021. THE PROMULGATION AND ENFORCEMENT OF THIS IMPORTANT REGULATION MARK THAT MACAO'S SPECIAL EDUCATION CAUSE HAS ENTERED A NEW ERA OF DEVELOPMENT. IN THE OVERALL SYSTEM OF SPECIAL EDUCATION, THE TEACHING STAFF HAS ALWAYS PLAYED A VITAL ROLE. THEIR PROFESSIONAL LITERACY, TEACHING STATUS, AND CAREER FEELINGS DIRECTLY AFFECT THE QUALITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF SPECIAL EDUCATION, AND FURTHER CONCERN THE GROWTH AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIAL STUDENTS. THIS STUDY FOCUSES ON THE GROUP OF SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN MACAO, WITH THE CORE GOAL OF IN-DEPTH EXPLORING VARIOUS SITUATIONS IN THEIR CAREER. SPECIFICALLY, IT MAINLY REVOLVES AROUND TEACHERS' CURRENT STATUS, INCLUDING THEIR ACTUAL FEELINGS IN THE TEACHING PROCESS, FACED DIFFICULTIES AND CHALLENGES, AS WELL AS THEIR DEMANDS AND EXPECTATIONS FOR PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT. MEANWHILE, IT EMPHASIZES THE ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT SITUATION OF TEACHERS' PROFESSIONAL ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION, UNDERSTANDING THE INNER SATISFACTION AND ACHIEVEMENT GAINED IN SPECIAL EDUCATION WORK, AND FURTHER EXPLORES VARIOUS FACTORS AFFECTING TEACHERS' PROFESSIONAL ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION, SUCH AS THE SCHOOL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENT, PARENTS' COOPERATION DEGREE, SOCIETY'S COGNITION AND SUPPORT FOR SPECIAL EDUCATION, AND TEACHERS' OWN PROFESSIONAL GROWTH BACKGROUND. THIS STUDY ADOPTS QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS AND SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS, USES GROUNDED THEORY THREE-LEVEL CODING TO CAREFULLY AND DEEPLY INTERPRET TEACHERS' STATEMENTS, SO AS TO EXTRACT CORE INFORMATION AND KEY THEMES. ON THIS BASIS, IT SUMMARIZES AND DRAWS RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS: SOCIAL PERCEPTION SHOWS OBVIOUS POLARIZATION IN THE PUBLIC'S COGNITION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS;SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT INDICATES THAT THE WORKING ENVIRONMENT HAS AN IMPORTANT IMPACT ON TEACHERS' PROFESSIONAL ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION. THE LACK OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION AND COLLABORATION MECHANISMS AMONG COLLEAGUES, AND EVEN INTERPERSONAL CONFLICTS, LEAD TO TEACHERS' DIFFICULTY IN OBTAINING GOOD INTERPERSONAL SUPPORT AND COOPERATIVE ATMOSPHERE AT WORK, REDUCING THEIR WORK ENTHUSIASM AND ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION; PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT SHOWS THAT TEACHERS GENERALLY LACK CLEAR PLANS AND SPECIFIC SCHEMES FOR CAREER PLANNING, THUS HINDERING LONG-TERM CAREER DEVELOPMENT. THIS STUDY FURTHER PROPOSES A SERIES OF PRACTICAL COUNTERMEASURES AND SUGGESTIONS, AIMING TO IMPROVE THE PROFESSIONAL ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN MACAO FROM MULTIPLE ASPECTS, INCLUDING SCHOOL MANAGEMENT, EDUCATIONAL POLICY FORMULATION, SOCIAL SUPPORT SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION, AND TEACHERS' OWN PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, SO AS TO PROVIDE SOLID TALENT SUPPORT AND GUARANTEE FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MACAO'S SPECIAL EDUCATION CAUSE. IT ENSURES THAT EVERY SPECIAL STUDENT CAN OBTAIN SUFFICIENT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN A HIGH-QUALITY EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT, BETTER INTEGRATE INTO SOCIETY, AND REALIZE THEIR OWN VALUE AND POTENTIAL. 《特殊教育制度》第29/2020號行政法規自2021年9月起正式落地實施，這一重要法規的頒布與執行，標誌著澳門特殊教育事業踏入了一個全新的發展時期。在特殊教育的整體體系中，教師隊伍始終扮演著至關重要的角色，其專業素養、教學狀態以及職業感受等各個方面，均直接影響著特殊教育的質量與成效，進而關乎特殊學生的成長與未來發展。 本研究將目光聚焦於澳門特殊教育教師群體，以深入探究其在職業生涯中的多種情況為核心目標。具體而言，主要圍繞教師自身當下的狀態，包括其在教學過程中的實際感受、面臨的困難與挑戰，以及在專業發展方面的訴求與期望；同時著重對教師職業成就感的現狀進行剖析，了解在特殊教育工作過程中收穫的內心滿足感及成就感；並進一步挖掘影響教師職業成就感的各類因素，如學校管理環境、家長配合程度、社會對特殊教育的認知與支持力度，以及教師自身的專業成長背景等多個層面。本研究採用質性研究方法和半結構訪談法，運用紮根理論三級編碼對教師們的言辭進行細緻拆解與深入解讀，從而提取出核心資訊與關鍵主題，並在此基礎上進行歸納總結，最終得出的研究結論，社會評價：大眾對特殊教育教師的認知呈現出明顯的兩極分化。學校環境： 工作環境方面對教師職業成就感產生重要影響。同事之間缺乏有效的溝通協作機制，甚至存在人際衝突，導致教師在工作中難以獲得良好的人際支持與合作氛圍，降低其工作積極性與成就感。個人發展： 教師在職業生涯規劃方面普遍缺乏明確的打算與具體的計劃，從而對長期職業發展產生了一定的阻礙。 本研究進一步提出了一系列切實可行的對策與建議，旨在從學校管理、教育政策制定、社會支持體系建設以及教師自身專業發展等多個方面著手，提升澳門特殊教育教師的職業成就感，為澳門特殊教育事業的可持續發展提供堅實的人才支撐和保障。確保每位特殊學生都能在優質的教育環境中獲得充分成長與發展的機會，更好地融入社會，實現自身價值與潛能。