GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN CAREER DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE PUBLIC SECTOR: A CASE STUDY OF THE MACAO PUBLIC SECURITY POLICE FORCE

ABSTRACT

"MACAU'S RAPID ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN RECENT DECADES AND RELATIVELY LOW USAGE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION HAVE PUT CONSIDERABLE PRESSURE ON THE CITY'S CARRYING CAPACITY. IMPROVING THE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM HAS BEEN A MAJOR POLICY GOAL OF MACAU'S URBAN PLANNERS. TO DEEPEN THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE PERSPECTIVES OF LOCAL ROAD USERS, THIS DISSERTATION'S MAIN RESEARCH QUESTION IS: WHAT FACTORS DETERMINE THE SATISFACTION OF LOCAL ROAD USERS OF MACAU?  AFTER COLLECTING RESPONSES USING AN ONLINE QUESTIONNAIRE, QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS WERE ADOPTED TO ANALYZE TRAVEL PATTERNS, SATISFACTION TOWARD DIFFERENT ROAD USAGE DIMENSIONS, AND SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LOCAL RESIDENTS. 145 RESPONSES WERE COLLECTED AND QUOTA SAMPLES WERE GENERATED TO MATCH THE DISTRIBUTION OF EACH SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FEATURE OF THE POPULATION.  MOST RESPONDENTS USED PRIVATE VEHICLES TO TRAVEL DURING PEAK HOURS ON WEEKDAYS FOR WORK OR FOR SCHOOL AND TO TRAVEL DURING THE ENTIRE AFTERNOON AND EVENING ON WEEKENDS FOR SHOPPING NECESSITIES AND FOR LEISURE. THE MOST TRAVELED DISTRICTS WERE BAIXA DE TAIPA, COSTA & OUVIDOR ARRIAGA, AND BAIXA DE MACAU. IT WAS FOUND THAT THE MEAN OVERALL SATISFACTION SCORE INCLINED TO THE DISSATISFACTION SIDE (BELOW 3). ONLY CLARITY OF TRAFFIC LIGHTS AND NUMBER OF ROAD SIGNS (MEASURING INFRASTRUCTURE) AND TEMPERATURE AND PRICE OF FARES (MEASURING PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION) HAD MEAN SATISFACTION SCORES THAT WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER THAN 3, INDICATING HIGHER SATISFACTIONS. MEANINGFUL HYPOTHESES REGARDING THE DIFFERENCES OF DIFFERENT ROAD USER GROUPS WERE SET OUT, THEN KRUSKAL-WALLIS ANOVA TESTS AND MANN-WHITNEY U TESTS WERE RUN. THE SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS WERE SUCH THAT THE ELDERLY AGED 65 OR ABOVE WERE LESS SATISFIED AND THE UNEMPLOYED WERE MORE SATISFIED WITH ROAD USAGE. THE BETTER EDUCATED WERE MORE SATISFIED WITH THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE UNEMPLOYED WERE MORE SATISFIED WITH THE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION. DRIVERS WERE LESS SATISFIED WITH TRANSPORTATION COSTS, AND PEAKHOUR ROAD USERS WERE LESS SATISFIED WITH THE INFRASTRUCTURE. THE SPEARMAN CORRELATION ANALYSES FOUND THAT INFRASTRUCTURE HAD MODERATELY POSITIVE CORRELATION WITH FACILITIES AND WITH TRAVEL SAFETY. BASED ON THE FINDINGS AND THEIR POLICY IMPLICATIONS, POLICY SUGGESTIONS COULD BE MADE. THE POLICIES SUGGESTED IN THIS STUDY SHOULD HAVE FAVORABLE SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS ON MORE THAN ONE ROAD USAGE ASPECTS."