ABSTRACT

INFORMAL RECYCLING PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE IN MUNICIAPL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MANY CITIES, PARTICULARLY IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH. THIS STUDY EXAMINES THE PRACTICES, CHALLENGES, AND OPPORTUNITIES OF INFORMAL RECYCLING IN MACAU, A SMALL CITY AND SELF AUTONOMOUS REGION (S.A.R.) IN CHINA. USING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS, INCLUDING SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS, THIS STUDY EXPLORES THE MOTIVATIONS AND STRATEGIES OF INFORMAL RECYCLERS, THE CHALLENGES THEY FACE, AND THE POTENTIAL FOR COLLABORATION WITH FORMAL WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS.  THE FINDINGS OF THIS STUDY REVEAL THAT INFORMAL RECYCLING IN MACAU IS A COMPLEX AND MULTIFACETED REALITY AND PRACTICE THAT INVOLVES A RANGE OF ACTORS, FROM WASTE PICKERS TO SMALL-SCALE PROCESSORS TO EXPORTERS, ALL WITH THEIR SPECIFIC CHALLENGES. INFORMAL RECYCLERS ARE MOTIVATED BY ECONOMIC NECESSITY, AND THEY EMPLOY A VARIETY OF STRATEGIES TO COLLECT AND PROCESS RECYCLABLE MATERIALS. HOWEVER, THEY ALSO FACE SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES, INCLUDING HIGH RENTAL AND TRANSPORTATION COSTS, LACK OF MANPOWER, CHINA’S WASTE IMPORT POLICIES AND ENSUING RESTRICTIONS, FLUCTUATING GLOBAL PRICE RATES OF MATERIALS AND THE UNSTABLE INCOME AS SERIOUS CONSEQUENCE, ACCOMPANIED BY LIMITED SUPPORT FROM THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT. THIS STUDY ALSO IDENTIFIES OPPORTUNITIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMAL RECYCLING IN MACAU, SUPPORTED BY THE ANALYSIS OF DATA COLLECTED VIA QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY REGARDING MACAU CITIZENS’ WASTE SEPARATION HABITS AND THEIR WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR RESOURCE SEPARATION AND RECOVERING PROCESS. THE IDENTIFIED OPPURTUNITIES INCLUDE ESTABLISHING PARTNERSHIPS BETWEEN INFORMAL AND FORMAL WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTORS, IMPROVING THE INFRASTRUCTURE, AND INTRODUCING ENVIRONMENTAL LEVY SYSTEM AND CONSISTENT POLICIES AND REGULATIONS.  OVERALL, THIS STUDY CONTRIBUTES TO A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE ROLE OF INFORMAL RECYCLING SECTOR IN WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MACAU AND PROVIDES INSIGHTS INTO POTENTIAL STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF RESOURCE AND WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THE CITY