澳門普通學校教師特教專業知能與融合教育態度之關係混合研究

ABSTRACT

THE ESSENCE OF EDUCATION, WHICH IS 'TO FOSTER GOODNESS AND RECTIFY THE LOST,' PROFOUNDLY REVEALS THAT IT IS ABOUT PROMOTING STUDENTS' STRENGTHS AND COMPENSATING FOR THEIR SHORTCOMINGS. THE CORE CONCEPT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION FOLLOWS THIS VEIN, EMPHASIZING ACCEPTANCE AND INTEGRATION TO ENSURE THAT EVERY STUDENT CAN LEARN AND GROW IN THE SAME EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT, AND PROVIDING THE MOST APPROPRIATE TEACHING BASED ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STUDENTS. HOWEVER, TEACHERS FACE MANY CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING INCLUSIVE EDUCATION, INCLUDING A LACK OF PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE, SCARCE RESOURCES, ETC. THIS STUDY CONDUCTED IN-DEPTH INTERVIEWS WITH FRONTLINE TEACHERS IN MACAU, COLLECTING VIEWS ON INCLUSIVE EDUCATION FROM TEACHERS WHO HAVE NEVER RECEIVED INCLUSIVE EDUCATION TRAINING AND THOSE WHO HAVE RECEIVED DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRAINING, ELUCIDATING THE DIFFICULTIES THEY ENCOUNTER IN TEACHING PRACTICE, AND THEIR VIEWS ON THE EXISTING TRAINING SYSTEM, IN ORDER TO FURTHER IMPROVE TEACHER TRAINING IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION. THE RESULTS SHOW THAT MOST TEACHERS HAVE A POSITIVE ATTITUDE TOWARDS INCLUSIVE EDUCATION AND AGREE WITH ITS CONCEPT AND VALUE, BUT TEACHERS WHO HAVE NEVER RECEIVED AND THOSE WHO HAVE RECEIVED PROFESSIONAL INCLUSIVE EDUCATION TRAINING STILL FACE MANY DIFFICULTIES IN ACTUAL TEACHING. THEREFORE, TEACHERS HAVE EXPRESSED THE NEED FOR INCLUSIVE EDUCATION TRAINING TO BETTER COPE WITH THE CHALLENGES IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION. BASED ON THE INTERVIEW RESULTS, TWO SPECIFIC SUGGESTIONS WERE MADE FOR THE CURRENT INCLUSIVE EDUCATION TRAINING: ONE IS TO INCREASE TARGETED SHORT-TERM TRAINING COURSES AND ESTABLISH A FEEDBACK MECHANISM; THE OTHER IS TO ENHANCE THE LOCALIZATION OF THE CURRICULUM TO MAKE THE TRAINING CONTENT MORE IN LINE WITH MACAU'S EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND ACTUAL NEEDS. THIS STUDY AIMS TO PROPOSE SPECIFIC PLANS TO OPTIMIZE INCLUSIVE EDUCATION TRAINING BY ANALYZING TEACHERS' ACTUAL NEEDS AND SUGGESTIONS, IN THE HOPE OF ENHANCING TEACHERS' PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE AND FURTHER PROMOTING THE DEVELOPMENT AND PRACTICE OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION. “教也者，長善而救其失者也”，深刻揭示教育的本質，即發揚學生的優點並彌補其不足。融合教育的核心理念與此一脈相承，強調通過接納與共融，確保每位學生都能在同一教育環境中共同學習與成長，並根據其特質提供最適合的教學。然而，教師在實施融合教育的過程中面臨諸多挑戰，包括專業知識不足、資源匱乏等問題。本研究通過對澳門前線教師進行深度訪談，收集未曾接受融合教育培訓和接受不同融合教育培訓的教師對融合教育的看法、闡述其在教學實踐中遇到的困難，以及對現有培訓體系的看法，以期能夠進一步完善融合教育的師資培訓。 研究結果顯示，大部分教師對融合教育持正面態度，認同其理念與價值，但未曾接受和已接受融合教育培訓的教師，在實際教學中仍面臨諸多困難。因此，教師表達對融合教育培訓的需求，以更好地應對融合教育中的挑戰。 基於訪談的結果，對現行的融合教育培訓提出兩方面的具體建議：一是增加具針對性的短期培訓課程，並建立反饋機制；二是加強課程的本土化，使培訓內容更貼合澳門的教育環境與實際需求。 本研究旨在通過分析教師的實際需求與建議，提出優化融合教育培訓的具體方案，以期能夠提升教師的專業素養，並進一步推動融合教育的發展與實踐。