ABSTRACT

本研究運用家庭財務社會化理論，探討理財教育在代際間的傳遞過程，特別關注父母在原生家庭中透過觀察和模仿所習得的理財技能和態度如何影響下一代。本研究聚焦於儲蓄、消費和分享這三大理財概念，以展示代際傳承的模式。研究採用質性研究方法，邀請了20位本澳6至12歲兒童的家長進行半結構式深度訪談，以了解：（1）原生家庭的理財教育態度和方式對核心家庭的影響；（2）原生家庭與核心家庭理財教育的異同；（3）家庭財務社會化的過程；以及（4）本澳理財教育推廣現況的理解。研究結果顯示，無論在公益捐獻行為還是儲蓄與消費概念上，原生家庭和核心家庭的表現和態度存在一定的共性。儘管大部分家長在理財教育上沿用了原生家庭的方式，但現代科技的進步及家長理財教育意識的提升，導致財務社會化過程中出現中斷或偏離。大部分受訪者認為本澳現有的理財教育支援不足，研究者據此提出了具體建議，以擴展及強化兒童和青少年理財教育的網絡，並為有需要的家庭提供更具針對性的服務。 THIS STUDY APPLIES THE THEORY OF FAMILY FINANCIAL SOCIALIZATION TO EXPLORE THE INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF FINANCIAL EDUCATION, FOCUSING ON HOW FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SKILLS AND ATTITUDES LEARNED BY PARENTS THROUGH OBSERVATION AND IMITATION IN THEIR FAMILY OF ORIGIN INFLUENCE THE NEXT GENERATION. THE STUDY EMPHASIZES THREE CORE FINANCIAL CONCEPTS—SAVINGS, CONSUMPTION, AND SHARING—TO ILLUSTRATE THE PATTERNS OF INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION. A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH APPROACH WAS ADOPTED, INVOLVING SEMI-STRUCTURED IN-DEPTH INTERVIEWS WITH 20 PARENTS OF MACAO CHILDREN AGED 6 TO 12. THE AIM WAS TO UNDERSTAND: (1) THE IMPACT OF THE FINANCIAL EDUCATION ATTITUDES AND METHODS OF THE FAMILY OF ORIGIN ON THE NUCLEAR FAMILY; (2) THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN FINANCIAL EDUCATION BETWEEN THE FAMILY OF ORIGIN AND THE NUCLEAR FAMILY; (3) THE PROCESS OF FAMILY FINANCIAL SOCIALIZATION; AND (4) AWARENESS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF FINANCIAL EDUCATION PROMOTION IN MACAO. FINDINGS INDICATE CONSISTENT BEHAVIORS AND ATTITUDES BETWEEN THE FAMILY OF ORIGIN AND THE NUCLEAR FAMILY CONCERNING CHARITABLE DONATIONS AND ATTITUDES TOWARD SAVINGS AND CONSUMPTION, WHERE THE FINANCIAL EDUCATION IN FAMILIES OF ORIGIN IS LARGELY BASED ON VERBAL GUIDANCE WITHOUT SPECIFIC METHODS OR TECHNIQUES. ALTHOUGH MOST PARENTS HAVE CONTINUED THE FINANCIAL EDUCATION METHODS THEY EXPERIENCED, ADVANCEMENTS IN MODERN TECHNOLOGY AND HEIGHTENED AWARENESS OF FINANCIAL EDUCATION HAVE LED TO DISRUPTIONS OR DEVIATIONS IN THE PROCESS OF FINANCIAL SOCIALIZATION. MOST INTERVIEWEES NOTED THAT THE CURRENT FINANCIAL EDUCATION SUPPORT IN MACAO IS INSUFFICIENT TO MEET THEIR NEEDS. BASED ON THESE FINDINGS, THE STUDY PRESENTS SPECIFIC RECOMMENDATIONS AIMED AT EXPANDING AND STRENGTHENING THE FINANCIAL EDUCATION NETWORK FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS, PROVIDING MORE TARGETED SERVICES FOR FAMILIES IN NEED.