THIRD CULTURE KIDS: THEIR SEARCH FOR CULTURAL IDENTITY

ABSTRACT

WITH THE RAPID DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND THE ACCELERATION OF GLOBALIZATION, CROSS-BORDER CYBERCRIME HAS BECOME A GLOBAL CHALLENGE, AND ITS COMPLEXITY AND SEVERITY ARE INCREASINGLY PROMINENT. CYBERSPACE IS UNBOUNDED, ANONYMOUS AND REAL-TIME, WHICH PROVIDES UNPRECEDENTED CONVENIENCE FOR CRIMINALS, ENABLING THEM TO EASILY CROSS-NATIONAL BORDERS AND COMMIT A SERIES OF CRIMINAL ACTS THAT SERIOUSLY ENDANGER NATIONAL SECURITY, SOCIAL STABILITY AND CITIZENS' RIGHTS AND INTERESTS, INCLUDING ONLINE FRAUD, ONLINE GAMBLING, ONLINE MONEY LAUNDERING AND INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. THESE CRIMES NOT ONLY DESTROY THE ORDER OF CYBERSPACE, BUT ALSO POSE NEW CHALLENGES TO THE LEGAL SYSTEM AND JURISDICTION OF THE REAL WORLD. AS TWO CLOSELY LINKED ECONOMIES, MACAO AND CHINA ENJOY THE CONVENIENCE BROUGHT BY THE INTERNET, BUT THEY ARE ALSO DEEPLY TROUBLED BY CROSS-BORDER CYBERCRIMES. ALTHOUGH THE TWO PLACES BELONG TO THE SAME SOVEREIGN COUNTRY, THERE ARE SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN LEGAL SYSTEMS, JUDICIAL SYSTEMS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTICE, WHICH MAY LEAD TO CONFLICTS AND DIFFERENCES IN THE JURISDICTION, INVESTIGATION, PROSECUTION AND TRIAL OF CASES. THESE LEGAL CONFLICTS NOT ONLY AFFECT THE FAIRNESS OF CASES, BUT ALSO HINDER THE EFFECTIVE COOPERATION BETWEEN MACAO AND CHINA IN COMBATING CROSS-BORDER CYBERCRIMES, POSING A SERIOUS THREAT TO MAINTAIN SOCIAL STABILITY AND PROTECTING CITIZENS' RIGHTS AND INTERESTS IN THE TWO PLACES. THEREFORE, IT IS NOT ONLY OF GREAT THEORETICAL SIGNIFICANCE, BUT ALSO OF FAR-REACHING PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE TO STUDY THE CRIMINAL JURISDICTION OVER CROSS-BORDER CYBERCRIMES BETWEEN MACAO AND CHINA. FROM A THEORETICAL POINT OF VIEW, THE CRIMINAL JURISDICTION OF CROSS-BORDER CYBERCRIME INVOLVES MANY DISCIPLINES SUCH AS CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, CRIMINAL LAW, CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW, AND ALSO THE APPLICATION OF THE BASIC LAW OF MACAO, WHICH IS A COMPLEX RESEARCH TOPIC. WITH THE CONTINUOUS INNOVATION OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGY, THE APPLICABILITY OF THE TRADITIONAL CRIMINAL JURISDICTION PRINCIPLE IN CROSS-BORDER CYBERCRIMES IS SERIOUSLY CHALLENGED. HOW TO RE-EXAMINE AND DEFINE THE CRIMINAL JURISDICTION OF CROSS-BORDER CYBERCRIMES IN THE NEW ERA AND HOW TO COORDINATE THE JURISDICTION CONFLICTS BETWEEN DIFFERENT JURISDICTIONS HAVE BECOME URGENT PROBLEMS IN CURRENT LEGAL RESEARCH. FROM A PRACTICAL POINT OF VIEW, CROSS-BORDER CYBERCRIME HAS SERIOUSLY ENDANGERED THE SOCIAL STABILITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF MACAO AND CHINA. CRIMINALS USE THE INTERNET TO ENGAGE IN CROSS-BORDER GAMBLING, CROSS-BORDER FRAUD, SPREAD NETWORK VIRUSES AND OTHER CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES, WHICH NOT ONLY BRING HUGE ECONOMIC LOSSES AND PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA TO THE VICTIMS, BUT ALSO SERIOUSLY UNDERMINE THE SOCIAL ATMOSPHERE AND MARKET ORDER. THEREFORE, IT IS OF GREAT SIGNIFICANCE TO STRENGTHEN THE CRACKDOWN ON CROSS-BORDER CYBERCRIMES AND IMPROVE THE CRIMINAL JURISDICTION SYSTEM OF CROSS-BORDER CYBERCRIMES FOR MAINTAINING THE STABILITY OF THE SOCIETY AND PROMOTING HEALTHY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN BOTH PLACES.