探究澳門小學教師對其教學工作的滿意度及壓力

ABSTRACT

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY IS TO EXAMINE THE CURRENT SITUATION OF WORK STRESS AND SCHOOL SUPPORT AMONG TEACHERS IN INTEGRATED SCHOOLS IN MACAU, TO ANALYZE THE DIFFERENCES AND CORRELATIONS BETWEEN WORK STRESS AND SCHOOL SUPPORT AMONG DIFFERENT BACKGROUND VARIABLES.  THIS STUDY UTILIZED THE QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY METHOD AS THE RESEARCH METHOD, WITH SECONDARY, PRIMARY AND KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS OF INTEGRATED SCHOOLS IN MACAU AS THE RESEARCH SUBJECTS. THE RESEARCH INSTRUMENT WAS A SELF-ADMINISTERED QUESTIONNAIRE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK STRESS AND SCHOOL SUPPORT AMONG TEACHERS OF INTEGRATED SCHOOLS IN MACAU, WHICH WAS FILLED OUT IN THE FORM OF AN ELECTRONIC QUESTIONNAIRE. A TOTAL OF 253 QUESTIONNAIRES WERE COLLECTED AND 253 QUESTIONNAIRES WERE USABLE, WITH A USABILITY RATE OF 100%. THE COLLECTED DATA WERE ANALYZED BY DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS, INDEPENDENT SAMPLE T-TEST, SINGLE FACTOR ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE, AND PEARSON'S CUMULATIVE DIFFERENCE CORRELATION ANALYSIS, AMONG OTHER STATISTICAL METHODS. BASED ON THE ANALYSIS, THE FOLLOWING CONCLUSIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS: (1) THE OVERALL WORK STRESS OF MACAU'S INTEGRATED TEACHERS IS MODERATELY HIGH, AND THE MEAN VALUES OF EACH LEVEL ARE RANKED FROM HIGHEST TO LOWEST AS WORKLOAD, PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE, AND ADMINISTRATIVE COOPERATION, AMONG WHICH WORKLOAD AND PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE BELONG TO THE MEDIUM-HIGH LEVEL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE COOPERATION BELONGS TO THE MEDIUM LEVEL.  (2)  THE OVERALL SCHOOL SUPPORT OF MACAU'S INTEGRATED TEACHERS IS OF MEDIUM-HIGH LEVEL, WITH THE MEAN VALUES OF EACH LEVEL RANKED FROM HIGH TO LOW AS FAMILY AND FRIENDS' SUPPORT, PEER SUPPORT, PARENTS' SUPPORT AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT, AMONG WHICH FAMILY AND FRIENDS' SUPPORT, PEER SUPPORT AND PARENTS' SUPPORT ARE OF MEDIUM-HIGH LEVEL, WHILE ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT IS OF MEDIUM-LOW LEVEL.  (3)  THE OVERALL WORK STRESS OF MACAU'S INTEGRATED TEACHERS VARIES SIGNIFICANTLY ACROSS THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION AND STAGES OF EDUCATION.  (4)  THE OVERALL SCHOOL SUPPORT OF MACAU'S INTEGRATED TEACHERS VARIES SIGNIFICANTLY BY MARITAL STATUS, HIGHEST ACADEMIC QUALIFICATION, YEARS OF TEACHING EXPERIENCE, POSITION HELD, INTEGRATED EDUCATION COURSES PURSUED, NUMBER OF STUDENTS IN THE CLASSROOM, AND THE SIZE OF THE SCHOOL.  (5)  THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOTAL WORK STRESS AND TOTAL SCHOOL SUPPORT OF MACAU'S INTEGRATED TEACHERS WAS FOUND TO BE LOW AND NEGATIVE. IN MACAU, THERE ARE NO SYSTEMATIC RESEARCH HAS BEEN CONDUCTED ON THESE TWO TOPICS. THROUGH THIS STUDY, THE AUTHORS LOCALIZE THESE EXISTING RESEARCH FINDINGS, EXPLORE THEIR APPLICABILITY IN MACAU, AND MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE EDUCATION SECTOR, SCHOOL UNITS, AND INTEGRATION TEACHERS RESPECTIVELY, BASED ON THE ACTUAL SITUATION IN MACAU. 本文旨在探討澳門融合學校教師的工作壓力及學校支持之現況，分析不同教師背景變項在工作壓力及學校支持的差異情況及兩者之間的相關性。 本研究以問卷調查法為研究方法，以澳門融合學校的中、小、幼教師為研究對象。研究工具為自編的澳門融合學校教師工作壓力與學校支持關係之研究問卷，以電子問卷的方式進行填寫。共回收問卷253份，可用問卷為253份，可用率為100%，回收的數據以描述性統計、獨立樣本T檢定、單因數變異數分析法、皮爾遜積差相關分析等統計方法進行分析。 根據分析所得結論如下：（一）澳門融合學校教師總體工作壓力屬於中等偏高程度，在各個層面平均值由高至低排列為工作負荷、專業知能及行政配合，其中工作負荷及專業知能屬於中高水準，行政配合屬中等水準。（二）澳門融合學校教師總體學校支持屬於中等偏高程度，在各個層面平均值由高至低排列為親朋支持、同儕支持、家長支持及行政支持，其中親朋支持、同儕支持及家長支持屬於中高水準，行政支持屬中低水準。（三）澳門融合教師總體工作壓力在不同學歷及任教教育階段有顯著差異。（四）澳門融合教師總體學校支持在不同婚姻狀態、學歷、教學年資、擔任職務、融合教育課程進修、任教班級學生數目及校部規模有顯著差異。（五）澳門融合教師總體工作壓力與總體學校支持兩者之間的關係為顯著低度負相關。 在澳門地區，目前尚未進行過針對這兩個主題相關的系統性研究。作者透過本研究，將已有的研究成果進行本土化，探索它們在澳門環境下的適用性，結合當地的實際情況，分別為教育部門、學校單位及融合教師提出建議。